Sahih al-Bukhari 3905

Hadith text

Narrated 'Aisha: (the wife of the Prophet) I never remembered my parents believing in any religion other than the true religion (i.e. Islam), and (I don't remember) a single day passing without our being visited by Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were put to test (i.e. troubled by the pagans), Abu Bakr set out migrating to the land of Ethiopia, and when he reached Bark-al-Ghimad, Ibn Ad-Daghina, the chief of the tribe of Qara, met him and said, "O Abu Bakr! Where are you going?" Abu Bakr replied, "My people have turned me out (of my country), so I want to wander on the earth and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad-Daghina said, "O Abu Bakr! A man like you should not leave his home-land, nor should he be driven out, because you help the destitute earn their livings, and you keep good relations with your Kith and kin, help the weak and poor, entertain guests generously, and help the calamity-stricken persons. Therefore I am your protector. Go back and worship your Lord in your town." So Abu Bakr returned and Ibn Ad-Daghina accompanied him. In the evening Ibn Ad-Daghina visited the nobles of Quraish and said to them. "A man like Abu Bakr should not leave his homeland, nor should he be driven out. Do you (i.e. Quraish) drive out a man who helps the destitute earn their living, keeps good relations with his Kith and kin, helps the weak and poor, entertains guests generously and helps the calamity-stricken persons?" So the people of Quraish could not refuse Ibn Ad-Daghina's protection, and they said to Ibn Ad-Daghina, "Let Abu Bakr worship his Lord in his house. He can pray and recite there whatever he likes, but he should not hurt us with it, and should not do it publicly, because we are afraid that he may affect our women and children." Ibn Ad-Daghina told Abu Bakr of all that. Abu Bakr stayed in that state, worshipping his Lord in his house. He did not pray publicly, nor did he recite Quran outside his house. Then a thought occurred to Abu Bakr to build a mosque in front of his house, and there he used to pray and recite the Quran. The women and children of the pagans began to gather around him in great number. They used to wonder at him and look at him. Abu Bakr was a man who used to weep too much, and he could not help weeping on reciting the Quran. That situation scared the nobles of the pagans of Quraish, so they sent for Ibn Ad-Daghina. When he came to them, they said, "We accepted your protection of Abu Bakr on condition that he should worship his Lord in his house, but he has violated the conditions and he has built a mosque in front of his house where he prays and recites the Quran publicly. We are now afraid that he may affect our women and children unfavorably. So, prevent him from that. If he likes to confine the worship of his Lord to his house, he may do so, but if he insists on doing that openly, ask him to release you from your obligation to protect him, for we dislike to break our pact with you, but we deny Abu Bakr the right to announce his act publicly." Ibn Ad-Daghina went to Abu- Bakr and said, ("O Abu Bakr!) You know well what contract I have made on your behalf; now, you are either to abide by it, or else release me from my obligation of protecting you, because I do not want the 'Arabs hear that my people have dishonored a contract I have made on behalf of another man." Abu Bakr replied, "I release you from your pact to protect me, and am pleased with the protection from Allah." At that time the Prophet (ﷺ) was in Mecca, and he said to the Muslims, "In a dream I have been shown your migration place, a land of date palm trees, between two mountains, the two stony tracts." So, some people migrated to Medina, and most of those people who had previously migrated to the land of Ethiopia, returned to Medina. Abu Bakr also prepared to leave for Medina, but Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him, "Wait for a while, because I hope that I will be allowed to migrate also." Abu Bakr said, "Do you indeed expect this? Let my father be sacrificed for you!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So Abu Bakr did not migrate for the sake of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in order to accompany him. He fed two she-camels he possessed with the leaves of As-Samur tree that fell on being struck by a stick for four months. One day, while we were sitting in Abu Bakr's house at noon, someone said to Abu Bakr, "This is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) with his head covered coming at a time at which he never used to visit us before." Abu Bakr said, "May my parents be sacrificed for him. By Allah, he has not come at this hour except for a great necessity." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came and asked permission to enter, and he was allowed to enter. When he entered, he said to Abu Bakr. "Tell everyone who is present with you to go away." Abu Bakr replied, "There are none but your family. May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I have been given permission to migrate." Abu Bakr said, "Shall I accompany you? May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Yes." Abu Bakr said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! May my father be sacrificed for you, take one of these two she-camels of mine." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "(I will accept it) with payment." So we prepared the baggage quickly and put some journey food in a leather bag for them. Asma, Abu Bakr's daughter, cut a piece from her waist belt and tied the mouth of the leather bag with it, and for that reason she was named Dhat-un-Nitaqain (i.e. the owner of two belts). Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr reached a cave on the mountain of Thaur and stayed there for three nights. 'Abdullah bin Abi Bakr who was intelligent and a sagacious youth, used to stay (with them) overnight. He used to leave them before day break so that in the morning he would be with Quraish as if he had spent the night in Mecca. He would keep in mind any plot made against them, and when it became dark he would (go and) inform them of it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira, the freed slave of Abu Bakr, used to bring the milch sheep (of his master, Abu Bakr) to them a little while after nightfall in order to rest the sheep there. So they always had fresh milk at night, the milk of their sheep, and the milk which they warmed by throwing heated stones in it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira would then call the herd away when it was still dark (before daybreak). He did the same in each of those three nights. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr had hired a man from the tribe of Bani Ad-Dail from the family of Bani Abd bin Adi as an expert guide, and he was in alliance with the family of Al-'As bin Wail As-Sahmi and he was on the religion of the infidels of Quraish. The Prophet (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr trusted him and gave him their two she-camels and took his promise to bring their two she camels to the cave of the mountain of Thaur in the morning after three nights later. And (when they set out), 'Amir bin Fuhaira and the guide went along with them and the guide led them along the sea-shore

Ayesha bataati hain (Nabi ki biwi): Mujhe kabhi yaad nahi ke mere maa-baap ne kabhi kisi aur deen ki ibadat ki ho siwaye sachche deen (yaani Islam) ke, aur (mujhe yaad nahi) ek bhi din aisa guzra jismein Allah ke Rasool humare paas subah-shaam na aaye hon. Jab Musalmanon ko aazmaish mein daala gaya (yaani kaafiron ne unhe sataya), Abu Bakr Ethiopia ki taraf hijrat ke liye nikle, aur jab woh Bark-al-Ghimad pahunche, Ibn Ad-Daghina, Qara qabile ke sardaar, unse mile aur pucha, "Aye Abu Bakr! Aap kahaan ja rahe hain?" Abu Bakr ne jawab diya, "Meri qaum ne mujhe nikal diya hai, isliye main zameen par ghoomna aur apne Rab ki ibadat karna chahta hoon." Ibn Ad-Daghina ne kaha, "Aye Abu Bakr! Aap jaise shaks ko na apna gaanv chhodna chahiye na hi unhe nikala jaana chahiye, kyunke aap gareebon ki kamaee mein madad karte hain, apne rishtedaron ke saath achhe sambandh rakhte hain, kamzoron aur gareebon ki madad karte hain, mehmaanon ki achhi izzat karte hain, aur museebat mein pade logon ki madad karte hain. Isliye main aapka rakshak hoon. Wapas jaiye aur apne shehar mein apne Rab ki ibadat kariye." Isliye Abu Bakr wapas gaye aur Ibn Ad-Daghina unke saath the. Shaam ko Ibn Ad-Daghina Quraish ke izzatdaar logon se mile aur unse kaha, "Abu Bakr jaisa shaks ko na apna gaanv chhodna chahiye na unhe nikala jaana chahiye. Kya tum (yaani Quraish) aise shaks ko nikaloge jo gareebon ki kamaee mein madad karta hai, apne rishtedaron ke saath achha suluk rakhta hai, kamzoron aur gareebon ki madad karta hai, mehmaanon ki bahut achhi izzat karta hai, aur museebat mein pade logon ki madad karta hai?" Isliye Quraish ke log Ibn Ad-Daghina ki panah ko radd nahi kar sake, aur unhone Ibn Ad-Daghina se kaha, "Abu Bakr ko apne ghar mein apne Rab ki ibadat karne do. Woh wahaan namaz padh sakte hain aur jo bhi chahen padh sakte hain, magar unhe isse takleef nahi deni chahiye, aur na khule-aam karna chahiye, kyunke humein dar hai woh humari aurton aur bachchon ko prabhavit na kar den." Ibn Ad-Daghina ne yeh sab Abu Bakr ko bataya. Abu Bakr isi haalat mein rahe, apne ghar mein apne Rab ki ibadat karte hue. Woh khule-aam namaz nahi padhte the, na apne ghar ke bahar Quran padhte the. Phir Abu Bakr ke man mein khyaal aaya ke woh apne ghar ke saamne ek masjid banaen, aur wahaan woh namaz padhte aur Quran padhte. Kaafiron ki aurten aur bachche unke aas-paas bhaari sankhya mein jama hone lage. Woh unpar hairat hote aur unhe dekhte. Abu Bakr ek aisa shaks the jo bahut zyada rote the, aur Quran padhte waqt woh apni rone ki bhaavna ko rok nahi sakte the. Yeh sthiti Quraish ke izzatdaar kaafiron ko darane lagi, isliye unhone Ibn Ad-Daghina ko bulaya. Jab woh unke paas aaye, unhone kaha, "Humne Abu Bakr ki tumhari panah isliye qubool ki thi ke woh apne ghar mein apne Rab ki ibadat karenge, magar unhone sharton ka ullanghan kiya hai aur apne ghar ke saamne ek masjid banaee jahaan woh khule-aam namaz padhte aur Quran padhte hain. Ab humein dar hai ke woh humari aurton aur bachchon ko prabhavit kar sakte hain. Isliye unhe isse roka jaaye. Agar woh apne Rab ki ibadat sirf apne ghar tak seemit rakhna chahen, woh aisa kar sakte hain, magar agar woh ise khule-aam karne par zid karte hain, unse kahiye tumhe apni panah ki zimmedaari se azaad kar den, kyunke humein apne muahide ko tumhare saath todna pasand nahi, magar hum Abu Bakr ko apna amal khule-aam karne ka haqq nahi dete." Ibn Ad-Daghina Abu Bakr ke paas gaye aur kaha, "(Aye Abu Bakr!) Aap achhi tarah jaante hain maine aapke liye kya muahida kiya hai; ab, aapko ya to iska paalan karna hoga, ya mujhe aapki raksha ki zimmedaari se azaad karna hoga, kyunke main nahi chahta Arb yeh sunen ke meri qaum ne kisi doosre shaks ki taraf se kiye gaye ek muahide ka apman kiya hai." Abu Bakr ne jawab diya, "Main aapko meri raksha ki zimmedaari se azaad karta hoon, aur main Allah ki panah se khush hoon." Us waqt Nabi Mecca mein the, aur unhone Musalmanon se kaha, "Ek khwab mein mujhe tumhari hijrat ki jagah dikhaee gaee hai, khajoor ke darakhton wali ek zameen, do pahadon ke beech, do patharile ilakon mein." Isliye kuch log Madina hijrat ke liye gaye, aur zyada tar woh log jo pahle Ethiopia gaye the, Madina wapas aaye. Abu Bakr ne bhi Madina jane ki taiyaari ki, magar Allah ke Rasool ne unse kaha, "Thoda intezaar kariye, kyunke mujhe ummeed hai mujhe bhi hijrat ki ijazat milegi." Abu Bakr ne kaha, "Kya aap sach mein aisi ummeed rakhte hain? Mera baap aapke liye qurbaan ho!" Nabi ne kaha, "Haan." Isliye Abu Bakr Allah ke Rasool ki khaatir hijrat nahi ki taaki unke saath ja saken. Unhone apni do untniyon ko As-Samur darakht ke patte khilaye, chaar mahine tak, jinhe ek laathi se maar kar giraya jata tha. Ek din, jabke hum dopahar ko Abu Bakr ke ghar mein baithe the, kisi ne Abu Bakr se kaha, "Yeh Allah ke Rasool hain, apna sar dhaanke hue, aise waqt aa rahe hain jispar woh pahle kabhi humare paas nahi aaye." Abu Bakr ne kaha, "Mere maa-baap unke liye qurbaan hon. Allah ki qasam, woh is waqt sirf kisi bade zaroorat ke liye hi aate hain." Isliye Allah ke Rasool aaye aur andar aane ki ijazat maangi, aur unhe ijazat mil gaee. Jab woh andar aaye, unhone Abu Bakr se kaha, "Jo bhi tumhare saath maujood hain unhe jane ko kaho." Abu Bakr ne jawab diya, "Yahaan koee aur nahi siwaye aapke pariwara ke. Mera baap aapke liye qurbaan ho, Ya Allah ke Rasool!" Nabi ne kaha, "Mujhe hijrat ki ijazat mil gaee hai." Abu Bakr ne pucha, "Kya main aapke saath aaun? Mera baap aapke liye qurbaan ho, Ya Allah ke Rasool!" Allah ke Rasool ne kaha, "Haan." Abu Bakr ne kaha, "Ya Allah ke Rasool! Mera baap aapke liye qurbaan ho, in do untniyon mein se ek lijiye." Allah ke Rasool ne jawab diya, "(Main ise qubool karunga) qeemat ke saath." Isliye humne jaldi se saaman baandh liya aur unke liye kuch yaatra ka khaana ek chamde ke thaile mein rakha. Asma, Abu Bakr ki beti, ne apni komar ki patti ka ek hissa kaata aur usse thaile ka munh baandha, aur isi wajah se unse Dhat-un-Nitaqain (yaani do pattiyon wali) kaha jata hai. Phir Allah ke Rasool aur Abu Bakr Thaur pahad ki ek gufa tak pahunche aur teen raaten wahaan ruke. Abdullah bin Abi Bakr, jo ek buddhiman aur samajhdaar jawan the, unke saath raat bitate the. Woh subah hone se pahle nikal jate taaki subah tak woh Quraish ke saath aise dikhen mano woh Mecca mein hi soye the. Woh unke khilaf koee bhi saazish dhyaan mein rakhte aur andhera hote hi unhe khabar dete. Amir bin Fuhaira, Abu Bakr ke azaad kiye gulaam, apni bhed-bakriyaan unke paas raat hote hi lekar aate taaki bhedein wahaan aaraam kar saken. Isliye unke paas raat ko taaza doodh milta, unki bhedon ka, aur woh doodh jo woh garam partharon ko usmein daalkar garam karte. Amir bin Fuhaira phir andhere mein hi (subah hone se pahle) apna rewad le jata. Aisa hi unhone teenon raaton mein kiya. Allah ke Rasool aur Abu Bakr ne Bani Ad-Dail qabile ke Bani Abd bin Adi pariwara se ek shaks ko ek visheshagya raah-dikhane wale ke tor par kiraye par liya tha, aur woh Al-As bin Wail As-Sahmi ke pariwara ke saath muahide mein tha aur Quraish ke kaafiron ke deen par tha. Nabi aur Abu Bakr ne unpar bharosa kiya aur unhe apni do untniyaan di aur unse teen raaton baad Thaur pahad ki gufa mein subah unke saath milne ka waada liya. Amir bin Fuhaira aur guide unke saath gaye aur guide unhe samundar ke kinare se raste par le gaya.

Sahih al-Bukhari 3905 · Book 63, Hadith 130