QuranAW

Sahih al-Bukhari 5140

Book 67: Wedlock, Marriage (Nikaah) · Hadith 76

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ،‏.‏ وَقَالَ اللَّيْثُ حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّتَاهْ ‏{‏وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى‏}‏ إِلَى ‏{‏مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ‏}‏ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هَذِهِ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا، فَيَرْغَبُ فِي جَمَالِهَا وَمَالِهَا، وَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْتَقِصَ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا، فَنُهُوا عَنْ نِكَاحِهِنَّ‏.‏ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا بِنِكَاحِ مَنْ سِوَاهُنَّ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ اسْتَفْتَى النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ‏{‏وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ‏}‏ إِلَى ‏{‏وَتَرْغَبُونَ‏}‏ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ أَنَّ الْيَتِيمَةَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ مَالٍ وَجَمَالٍ، رَغِبُوا فِي نِكَاحِهَا وَنَسَبِهَا وَالصَّدَاقِ، وَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَرْغُوبًا عَنْهَا فِي قِلَّةِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ، تَرَكُوهَا وَأَخَذُوا غَيْرَهَا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ ـ قَالَتْ ـ فَكَمَا يَتْرُكُونَهَا حِينَ يَرْغَبُونَ عَنْهَا، فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهَا إِذَا رَغِبُوا فِيهَا، إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهَا وَيُعْطُوهَا حَقَّهَا الأَوْفَى مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ‏.‏

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair:that he asked `Aisha, saying to her, "O Mother! (In what connection was this Verse revealed): 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with orphan girls (to the end of the verse) that your right hands possess?" (4.3) Aisha said, "O my nephew! It was about the female orphan under the protection of her guardian who was interested in her beauty and wealth and wanted to marry her with a little or reduced Mahr. So such guardians were forbidden to marry female orphans unless they deal with them justly and give their full Mahr; and they were ordered to marry women other than them."`Aisha added, "(Later) the people asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), for instructions, and then Allah revealed: 'They ask your instruction concerning the women . . . And yet whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) So Allah revealed to them in this Verse that-if a female orphan had wealth and beauty, they desired to marry her and were interested in her noble descent and the reduction of her Mahr; but if she was not desired by them because of her lack in fortune and beauty they left her and married some other woman. So, as they used to leave her when they had no interest in her, they had no right to marry her if they had the desire to do so, unless they deal justly with her and gave her a full amount of Mahr

Urwa bin Az-Zubair bataate hain ke unhone Aisha se pucha, 'Aye Ammi! (Ye Aayat kis silsile mein naazil hui): "Agar tumhe dar ho ke tum yateem ladkiyon ke saath insaaf nahi kar sakoge... ya jo tumhaare haath mein (laundiyaan) hon"?' (4:3) Aisha ne kaha, 'Aye mere bhatije! Ye us yateem ladki ke baare mein thi jo apne sarparast ki nigraani mein hoti thi jise uski khoobsurati aur daulat pasand aati thi, aur wo use kam ya ghatta hua Mahr dekar nikaah karna chaahta tha. To aise sarparaston ko yateem ladkiyon se nikaah karne se mana kiya gaya, jab tak wo unke saath insaaf na karein aur unhein poora Mahr na dein; aur unhein hukm diya gaya ke wo unke ilaawa kisi aur aurat se nikaah karein.' Aisha ne aage kaha, '(Baad mein) log Allah ke Rasool (SAW) se hidaayat maangne lage, isper Allah ne naazil farmaya: "Wo aapse auraton ke baare mein hukm poochte hain... aur wo bhi jinse tum nikaah karna chahte ho." (4:127) To Allah ne is Aayat mein unhein bataya ke agar kisi yateem ladki ke paas daulat aur khoobsurati ho, to wo uske izzatdaar khaandaan aur kam Mahr ki wajah se usse nikaah karna chaahte the; magar agar unhein uski gareebi aur kam khoobsurati ki wajah se koi dilchaspi na ho, to wo use chhod kar kisi aur aurat se nikaah kar lete. To jaise wo unhein dilchaspi na hone par chhod dete the, unhein haq nahi tha ke jab unmein dilchaspi ho to unse nikaah karein, jab tak unke saath insaaf na karein aur unhein poora Mahr na dein.'

Sahih al-Bukhari 5140 · Book 67, Hadith 76

Read all hadith in Book 67: Wedlock, Marriage (Nikaah)